ʻO ka Fluoride he mineral ʻawaʻawa. Loaʻa pinepine ia i ka wai inu. ʻO ke kūlana wai inu honua o kēia manawa no ka fluoride i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka World Health Organization (WHO) he 1.5 ppm. Hiki i nā pae fluoride kiʻekiʻe ke kumu i ka fluorosis niho a me ka iwi, no laila pono e wehe ʻia ka nui o ka fluoride mai ka wai inu. Ma waena o nā ʻano like ʻolekemika hoʻomaʻemaʻe wailoaʻa, polyaluminium chloride (PAC) ke koho mua no ka wehe ʻana i ka fluoride. ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻoneʻe fluoride o PAC mai kona mau mea kemika kū hoʻokahi a me ka hana o ka hana. E ʻimi kākou i kāna mīkini, nā pono a me nā noi.
Mechanism o ka hana o ka polyaluminium chloride:
Polyaluminium chloridehe coagulant anorganic i hanaia e ka hopena o ka alumini hydroxide a me ka waika hydrochloric. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he flocculant i nā kaʻina hana wai kaona a me ka ʻoihana.
ʻO ka polyaluminium chloride electrostatically adsorb a hui pū me nā ion fluoride e hana i nā ʻano paʻa paʻa. Hoʻopili hou kēia i ka fluoride alumini insoluble.
Hiki i nā iona alumini a me nā ion fluoride ke hana i nā ʻano paʻa paʻa like ʻole (e like me ka, e hōʻemi ana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka fluoride manuahi i ka wai.
Nā pōmaikaʻi o ka PAC ma ke ʻano he defluoridant
ʻO ka maikaʻi kiʻekiʻe: Hiki i ka PAC ke hoʻokō i ka nui o ka lawe ʻana i ka fluoride, ʻoi aku ma mua o 90% ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi loa. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā paʻakai alumini kuʻuna, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka PAC a me ka wikiwiki o ka flocculation rate. Hoʻonui ʻia ka maikaʻi defluoridation e 30% ma ke ʻano like.
Hoʻokele waiwai: Hoʻemi ʻia ke kumukūʻai lapaʻau ma mua o 40% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻenehana e like me ka reverse osmosis, a ʻaʻohe mea paʻakikī e koi ʻia.
A ākea ka laulā noi pH (5.0-9.0). A hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka turbidity o ka wai i ka manawa like.
Hana ʻia ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi: Hoʻokumu ʻia ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka mālama ʻana.
Nā memo ma ka PAC ma ke ʻano he defluoridant:
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o ka PAC ma ka waiʻakika iki a i ka pH kūʻokoʻa (ma kahi o 6.5 a 7.5). ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka waiwai pH kūpono e hōʻoia i ka lawe ʻana i ka fluoride kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka wehe ʻana o ka fluoride e pili ana i ka neʻe mua o ka fluoride a me ke ʻano o ka coagulant.
Ka hoʻohana ʻana o PAC i ka wehe ʻana i ka fluoride
Ka mālama ʻana i ka wai kaona: E hōʻoia i ka palekana o ka wai inu ma o ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka fluoride i nā pae kūpono.
Ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino ʻoihana: Wehe i ka fluoride mai ka wai ʻino i hana ʻia e nā ʻoihana e like me ka hana aniani, hana semiconductor a me nā mea kanu mea kanu.
Ho'iho'i kaiaola: E mālama i ka wai lepo a me ka lepo i haumia e ka fluoride maoli e pale ai i ka kaiaola.
Hoʻihoʻi hou i ka mahiʻai a me ke kaiapuni: Wehe i nā ion Fluoride mai ka wai irrigation e pale i ka paʻakai lepo a me ka pōʻino o nā hua.
ʻO ka polyaluminum chloride kahi hopena i hōʻoia ʻia a maikaʻi hoʻi no ka wehe ʻana i ka fluoride i nā noi mālama wai. ʻO kona hiki ke condense a adsorb i nā ion fluoride i koho mua i nā kaona kaona a me nā ʻoihana. He mea nui e koho i kahi mea hoʻolako kemika hilinaʻi ma waena o nā mea he nuimea hoʻolako PACs. Pono ʻoe e hōʻoia i ko lākou mau pono a me ka maikaʻi o ka huahana. Inā makemake ʻoe i ke kōkua ma ke kūʻai ʻana iā PAC, e ʻoluʻolu e haʻi mai iaʻu. Hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i nā laʻana manuahi a me nā lawelawe koho. Manaʻo e ʻike iā ʻoe!
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-03-2025