He aha ka kemika i hoʻohana ʻia no ka Flocculation?

Ka hoʻokahe ʻanahe hana ia i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai a me ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino, e hōʻuluʻulu i nā ʻāpana i hoʻokuʻu ʻia a me nā colloids i loko o nā ʻāpana floc nui aʻe. Hoʻomaʻalahi kēia i kā lākou wehe ʻana ma o ka sedimentation a i ʻole ka kānana. ʻO nā mea kemika i hoʻohana ʻia no ka flocculation ua kapa ʻia ʻo flocculants. ʻO kekahi o nā flocculants maʻamau a hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo polyacrylamide.

Polyacrylamidehe polymer i hana ʻia mai nā monomers acrylamide. Loaʻa ia i nā ʻano like ʻole, me ka anionic, cationic, a me ka non-ionic, kēlā me kēia me nā noi kikoʻī. ʻO ke koho ʻana o ke ʻano polyacrylamide e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana i loko o ka wai a me ka hopena i makemake ʻia o ke kaʻina hana flocculation.

Hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole ʻia ka polyacrylamide anionic a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai hoʻoneoneo e loaʻa ana nā ʻāpana i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia e like me ka lepo a me nā mea organik. ʻO ka polyacrylamide cationic, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia a he kūpono ia no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai me nā ʻāpana i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole ʻia e like me nā mea paʻa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia a me ka sludge. ʻAʻohe uku o ka polyacrylamide non-ionic a kūpono ia no ka flocculation o nā ʻano ʻāpana like ʻole.

Hana nā flocculants Polyacrylamide ma ke komo ʻana ma luna o ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana, e hana ana i nā alahaka ma waena o lākou, a hana i nā aggregates nui aʻe. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻonā ʻana a i ʻole ke kānana ʻana i nā flocs hopena mai ka wai. Makemake ʻia ka Polyacrylamide no kona kaumaha molekala kiʻekiʻe, kahi e hoʻonui ai i kona hiki ke hoʻopili a me ka flocculating.

Ma waho aʻe o ka polyacrylamide, hoʻohana ʻia nā kemika ʻē aʻe no ka flocculation, ma muli o nā pono kikoʻī o ke kaʻina hana lapaʻau. ʻO nā flocculants inorganic, e like meʻAlumini Sulfate(alum) a me ka ferric chloride, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai. Hoʻokumu kēia mau kemika i nā flocs hydroxide metala i ka wā e hoʻohui ʻia ai i ka wai, e kōkua ana i ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻāpana i hoʻokuʻu ʻia.

ʻO ka alum, ma ke ʻano kūikawā, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka wai no nā makahiki he nui. Ke hoʻohui ʻia i ka wai, hana ʻia ka alum i ka hydrolysis, e hana ana i nā flocs aluminium hydroxide e hoʻopaʻa ana i nā mea haumia. A laila hiki i nā flocs ke noho, a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka wai i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia mai ka sediment.

He hana koʻikoʻi ka Flocculation i nā kaʻina hana mālama wai, e hōʻoia ana i ka wehe ʻana i nā mea haumia a me ka hana ʻana i ka wai maʻemaʻe. ʻO ke koho ʻana o ka flocculant e pili ana i nā mea e like me nā ʻano o ka wai e mālama ʻia, ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana i loaʻa, a me ka hopena mālama i makemake ʻia. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko Polyacrylamide a me nā flocculants ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka pono o nā ʻōnaehana mālama wai a me ka wai ʻino, e kōkua ana i ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka wai palekana a inu no nā kumu like ʻole.