Flocculation - Aluminium sulphate vs Poly aluminium chloride

ʻO ka Flocculation ke kaʻina hana e hoʻopau ʻia ai nā ʻāpana i hoʻopiʻi ʻia me ka hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole i loko o kahi hoʻokuʻu paʻa i loko o ka wai. Hoʻokō ʻia kēia ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi coagulant i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia. Hoʻopau ka hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi i loko o ka coagulant i ka hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole i loko o ka wai (ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻopau iā ia). Ke hoʻopau ʻia a hoʻopau ʻia paha nā ʻāpana, hana ʻia ke kaʻina hana flocculation. Hoʻohui pū nā ʻāpana i hoʻopau ʻia i loko o nā ʻāpana nui a nui a hiki i ko lākou kaumaha e hoʻomoe ai ma o ka sedimentation a i ʻole ka nui e hoʻopaʻa i nā pehu ea a lana.

I kēia lā e nānā pono kākou i nā waiwai flocculation o ʻelua mau flocculants maʻamau: poly aluminum chloride a me ka aluminum sulfate.

ʻAlumini SulfateHe ʻakika ke ʻano o ka Aluminum Sulfate. Penei ke ʻano o ka hana o ka alumini sulfate: hana ka alumini sulfate i ka alumini hydroxide, Al(0H)3. He palena ka pae pH o nā alumini hydroxides, ma luna o ia mea ʻaʻole lākou e hydrolysis maikaʻi a i ʻole, hoʻopaʻa koke ʻia nā aluminum hydroxides hydrolyzed ma ka pH kiʻekiʻe (ʻo ia hoʻi ka pH ma luna o 8.5), no laila pono e hoʻomalu pono ʻia ka pH hana e mālama iā ia ma ka pae o 5.8-8.5. pono e lawa ka alkalinity i loko o ka wai i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana flocculation e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokumu piha ʻia ʻana o ka hydroxide insoluble a me ka precipitate. Wehe i nā mea kala a me nā colloidal ma o ka hui pū ʻana o ka adsorption a me ka hydrolysis ma luna/i loko o nā hydroxides metala. No laila, ʻo ka puka makani pH hana o ka alumini sulfate he 5.8-8.5 wale nō, no laila he mea nui loa ia e hōʻoia i ka kaohi pH maikaʻi ma ke kaʻina hana i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka alumini sulfate.

Polyaluminum chlorideʻO (PAC) kekahi o nā kemika mālama wai kūpono loa i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia lā. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka wai inu a me ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino ma muli o kona pono coagulation kiʻekiʻe a me ka laulā o nā noi pH a me ka mahana i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kemika mālama wai ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa ka PAC i nā papa like ʻole me nā ʻano alumina mai 28% a 30%. ʻAʻole ʻo ka nui o ka alumina wale nō ka mea e noʻonoʻo ai i ke koho ʻana i ka papa o ka PAC e hoʻohana ai.

Hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ka PAC he coagulant pre-hydrolysis. Loaʻa i nā hui alumini pre-hydrolysis kahi density hoʻouka maikaʻi kiʻekiʻe loa, ka mea e hoʻolilo ai i ka PAC i cationic ma mua o ka alum. e hoʻolilo ana iā ia i mea destabilizer ikaika no nā haumia i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole ʻia i loko o ka wai.

Loaʻa i ka PAC nā pono ma luna o ka alumini sulfate

1. Hana ia ma nā ʻano haʻahaʻa loa. Ma ke ʻano he lula, ʻo ka nui o ka PAC ma kahi o hoʻokahi hapakolu o ka nui e pono ai no ka alum.

2. Hoʻemi ia i ke koena o ka alumini i loko o ka wai i mālama ʻia

3. Hoʻopuka ia i ka lepo liʻiliʻi

4. Hana ia ma luna o kahi laulā pH ākea

Nui nā ʻano flocculants, a ʻelua wale nō o lākou i hoʻolauna ʻia ma kēia ʻatikala. I ke koho ʻana i kahi coagulant, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i ka maikaʻi o ka wai āu e mālama nei a me kāu kālā ponoʻī. Manaʻolana wau he ʻike maikaʻi kāu no ka mālama wai. Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻolako kemika mālama wai me 28 mau makahiki o ka ʻike. Hauʻoli wau e hoʻoponopono i kāu mau pilikia āpau (e pili ana i nā kemika mālama wai).